As a veterinarian, I see first-hand how often dental disease in pets goes unnoticed until it becomes a serious issue. Many pet owners don’t realize that poor oral health can lead to pain, infection, and even systemic diseases affecting the heart, liver, and kidneys. Fortunately, recognizing early red flags can help prevent severe problems and keep your pet comfortable and healthy.

A healthy pup is a happy pup, and it’s important for any pet owner to recognize the signs of canine skin issues. In this article, we’ll list down the symptoms to look out for and explore the various types of skin diseases usually found in dogs.

Why Dental Health Matters

Dogs and cats are prone to dental disease, with studies showing that over 80% of dogs and 70% of cats have some form of periodontal disease by the age of three. Bacteria in the mouth form plaque, which hardens into tartar. If left untreated, this leads to inflammation, infection, and eventual tooth loss. Worse, bacteria can enter the bloodstream and affect vital organs.

Early Warning Signs of Dental Disease

1. Bad Breath
   While mild “doggy breath” or “fishy breath” in cats may seem normal, a strong, foul odor can indicate underlying dental problems. Bad breath is often an early sign of bacterial overgrowth, gum infection, or even an abscessed tooth.
2. Red, Swollen, or Bleeding Gums
   Healthy gums should be pink and firm. If you notice red, swollen, or bleeding gums, it could be a sign of gingivitis, the first stage of periodontal disease. If untreated, this inflammation can progress to more serious infections.
3. Difficulty Eating or Dropping Food
   If your pet suddenly struggles to chew, drops food, chews on one side, or prefers soft food, dental pain could be the cause. Cats may stop grooming properly due to mouth discomfort.
4. Excessive Drooling
   While some dog breeds naturally drool more than others, excessive drooling—especially if it’s thicker than usual or tinged with blood—can indicate an oral infection, ulcer, or broken tooth.
5. Pawing at the Mouth or Face Sensitivity
   If your pet paws at their mouth, rubs their face against furniture, or flinches when you touch their muzzle, they may be experiencing oral pain. This could be due to dental disease, a broken tooth, or even an oral tumor.
6. Yellow or Brown Tartar Buildup
   Tartar appears as yellow, brown, or black buildup on the teeth, particularly along the gumline. Heavy tartar leads to gum irritation and allows bacteria to thrive, worsening periodontal disease.
7. Changes in Behavior
   Dental pain can cause subtle behavioral changes, such as:

• Becoming more irritable or withdrawn
• Avoiding chew toys
• Decreased appetite or weight loss
• Restlessness or difficulty sleeping due to discomfort

What to Do If You Notice These Signs

If you recognize any of these red flags, schedule a veterinary dental checkup as soon as possible. Early intervention can prevent painful, costly procedures down the road. A professional dental exam will help determine the severity of the issue and whether a dental cleaning, tooth extraction, or other treatment is needed.

Preventing Dental Disease in Pets

1. Regular Veterinary Dental Exams
   Annual dental checkups allow your veterinarian to detect and address problems early. Some pets, especially small breed dogs and cats, may need exams every six months.
2. Daily Brushing
   Brushing your pet’s teeth with pet-safe toothpaste is the most effective way to prevent plaque buildup. Start slowly and use positive reinforcement to make it a stress-free routine.
3. Dental Chews and Toys
   Chewing on approved dental treats, kibble, and toys can help reduce plaque. Avoid hard bones or antlers, which can fracture teeth.
4. Prescription Dental Diets
   Veterinary-formulated dental diets are designed to reduce tartar and promote oral health. Ask your vet if your pet would benefit from a specific diet.
5. Professional Cleanings
   Just like humans, pets sometimes need professional dental cleanings under anesthesia by the veterinarian to remove tartar and address hidden issues.

Take Home Message

Your pet’s oral health is more important than you might think. By recognizing early warning signs and taking preventive measures, you can help your pet avoid unnecessary pain and enjoy a healthier, happier life. If you notice any changes in your pet’s mouth, don’t wait—schedule a vet visit to catch potential problems early.

Your pet’s smile and “smell” matters—let’s keep it healthy!